Which of the following is considered an example of an advance directive?

An advance directive is a legal document that outlines a person's preferences regarding medical care and treatments in the event that they become unable to communicate their wishes due to illness or incapacity. Each of the provided examples serves as a form of advance directive.

A living will specifically details the types of medical treatment an individual wishes to receive or refuse, particularly in situations where they are terminally ill or in a persistent vegetative state.

A Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order instructs healthcare providers not to perform CPR if a patient stops breathing or their heart stops beating. This is a critical component of advance care planning, reflecting the individual’s wishes about end-of-life care.

Health care surrogacy involves appointing another person to make medical decisions on behalf of the individual if they are unable to do so. This ensures that someone who understands their preferences can communicate them when necessary.

Since all these examples fulfill the criteria of guiding healthcare decisions based on a patient's choices, they collectively represent forms of advance directives.